Abantu benshi bemeranya ko iterambere ry’ejo hazaza rizaturuka ku bakuze.
Ubu, abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 21 barangiza imyaka 60 buri mwaka, mu gihe umubare w'abana bavutse ushobora kuba miliyoni 8 cyangwa munsi yayo, ibyo bikaba bigaragaza itandukaniro rigaragara mu mibare y'abaturage. Ku bijyanye na presbyopia, uburyo nko kubaga, imiti, n'indorerwamo zo mu bwoko bwa contact lenses ntabwo bugeze ku rugero ruhagije. Indorerwamo zo mu bwoko bwa progressive lenses muri iki gihe zifatwa nk'igisubizo cy'ibanze gikuze kandi gifite akamaro ku ndwara ya presbyopia.
Mu isesengura rya micro-analyse, ibintu by'ingenzi bituma abantu bambara imyenda idasanzwe, imbaraga bakoresha, n'ibyo abantu bo mu kigero cyo hagati n'abageze mu za bukuru bakeneye mu iterambere ry'indorerwamo zigezweho mu gihe kizaza. Cyane cyane kuri telefoni zigendanwa, guhinduranya amashusho kenshi mu buryo bwa "dynamic multi-distance" byakunze kugaragara, bigaragaza ko indorerwamo zigezweho zigiye kwinjira mu gihe cy'iterambere rikomeye.
Ariko, nsubije amaso inyuma mu mwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri ishize, nta kwiyongera gukomeye kwabayeho mu ikoranabuhanga ry’indorerwamo. Abakora mu nganda bambajije ikintu gishobora kuba kibura. Mu bitekerezo byanjye, ikintu kimwe cy’ingenzi kitaragerwaho, ari cyo kumenya ikoreshwa ry’amafaranga ku baguzi.
Ubumenyi ku ikoreshwa ry'amafaranga ku baguzi ni iki?
Iyo habayeho ikibazo, igisubizo cyemewe n'abaturage cyangwa cyemewe n'abantu bose ni ukumenya ikoreshwa ry'amafaranga ku baguzi.
Kuzamura ubushobozi bw'abaguzi bwo gukoresha amafaranga bivuze ko abantu bafite amafaranga yo gukoresha. Ariko, kumenya amafaranga abaguzi bakoresha ni byo bigaragaza niba abaguzi biteguye gukoresha amafaranga ku kintu runaka, ingano y'amafaranga biteguye gukoresha, kandi nubwo nta mafaranga ahari, mu gihe ubumenyi bw'abaguzi buhagije, hashobora kubaho ubushobozi buhagije ku isoko.
Iterambere ry'isoko ryo kugenzura indwara ya myopia ni urugero rwiza. Mu bihe byashize, abantu bakeneye gukemura ikibazo cya myopia kwari ukubona ibintu biri kure neza, kandi kwambara indorerwamo byari byonyine byari byoroshye. Kumenya abaguzi byari "Nkunda kureba hafi, bityo njya kwa muganga w'amaso, ngapimwa amaso, nkabona indorerwamo." Nyuma iyo imiti yatanzwe yariyongereye kandi amaso akaba atakigaragara neza, basubiraga kwa muganga w'amaso bakabona indi ndunduro, n'ibindi.
Ariko mu myaka 10 ishize, ibyo abantu bakeneye mu gukemura ikibazo cya myopia byahindutse ku kugenzura iterambere rya myopia, ndetse bakemera no kubura umwanya w'igihe gito (nk'igihe cyo gutangira cyangwa guhagarika kwambara indorerwamo za orthokeratology) kugira ngo babigenzure. Iki cyifuzo cyabaye icy'ubuvuzi, bityo ababyeyi benshi bajyana abana babo mu bitaro kwisuzumisha no kubashyiramo indorerwamo, kandi ibisubizo byabaye indorerwamo zo kugenzura myopia, indorerwamo za orthokeratology, atropine, nibindi. Kuri iyi ngingo, ubumenyi ku ikoreshwa ry'amafaranga ku baguzi bwarahindutse kandi burahinduka.
Impinduka mu gukenera no kumenyekanisha abakiriya yagezweho ite ku isoko ryo kugenzura indwara ya myopia?
Byagezweho binyuze mu kwigisha abaguzi hashingiwe ku bitekerezo by’abahanga. Bayobowe kandi baterwa inkunga na politiki, abaganga benshi bazwi biyeguriye uburezi bw’ababyeyi, uburezi bw’ishuri, no kwigisha abaguzi kwirinda no kugenzura myopia. Iyi mbaraga yatumye abantu bamenya ko myopia ari indwara. Imiterere mibi y’ibidukikije n’ingeso mbi zo kureba bishobora gutera indwara ya myopia, kandi myopia nyinshi zishobora gutera ingorane zikomeye zo guhuma amaso. Ariko, uburyo bwa siyansi n’ubukorano bwo kwirinda no kuvura bushobora gutinza iterambere ryayo. Impuguke zisobanura amahame, ibimenyetso by’ubuvuzi bishingiye ku bimenyetso, ibimenyetso bya buri buryo, kandi zigashyira ahagaragara amabwiriza n’ibyumvikane bitandukanye kugira ngo biyobore imikorere y’inganda. Ibi, hamwe no kwamamaza mu magambo mu baguzi, byatumye abaguzi bamenya neza ikibazo cya myopia ubu.
Mu rwego rwa presbyopia, ntabwo bigoye kubona ko ubwo buryo bwo gushyigikira umwuga butaraboneka, bityo rero, ubumenyi ku baguzi butangwa binyuze mu burezi bw'umwuga burakeye.
Uko ibintu bimeze ubu ni uko abaganga benshi b'amaso ubwabo badafite ubumenyi buhagije ku bijyanye n'indorerwamo z'amaso kandi ntibakunze kuzivuga ku barwayi. Mu gihe kizaza, niba abaganga bashobora kwibonera indorerwamo z'amaso ubwabo cyangwa abo mu miryango yabo, bakaba abambara kandi bakavugana n'abarwayi mu buryo bufatika, ibi bishobora kunoza ubumenyi bwabo buhoro buhoro. Ni ngombwa gutanga inyigisho rusange binyuze mu nzira zikwiye, nko ku mbuga nkoranyambaga no kuri interineti, kugira ngo bongere ubumenyi ku bijyanye n'indorerwamo z'amaso n'indorerwamo z'amaso, bityo habeho ubumenyi bushya ku baguzi. Abaguzi bamaze kugira ubumenyi bushya ko "indorerwamo z'amaso zigomba gukosorwa hakoreshejwe indorerwamo z'amaso zigenda ziyongera," kwiyongera kw'indorerwamo z'amaso bishobora kwitezwe mu gihe cya vuba.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama 16-2024