Myopia, nanone izwi nka kure, ni indwara yo kutabona neza irangwa no kutabona neza iyo ureba ibintu biri kure, mu gihe kureba hafi biguma bigaragara. Nk'imwe mu ndwara zo kutabona zikunze kugaragara ku isi, myopia yibasira abantu b'ingeri zose. Indwara yayo iri kwiyongera, cyane cyane mu rubyiruko, bigatuma birushaho kuba ingenzi gusobanukirwa impamvu zayo, ingaruka zishobora kubaho, n'ingamba zo kuyirinda.
1. Myopia ni iki?
Myopia, izwi cyane nka kure, ni ikosa ryo kureba kure aho imboni y'ijisho iba ndende cyangwa cornea ikaba igoramye cyane. Iri hinduka ry'imiterere y'umubiri rituma urumuri rwinjira imbere ya retina aho kuyireba neza, bigatuma ibintu biri kure bitabona neza.
Myopia ikunze gushyirwa mu byiciro hashingiwe ku rugero rw'ikosa ryo gusubiza inyuma:
1) Myopia iri hasi:Uburyo bworoshye bwo kutareba hafi hamwe n'umuti wa diopta ziri munsi ya -3.00.
2) Myopia iri hagati:Igipimo cy'indwara ya myopia kiri hagati y'ibipimo -3.00 na -6.00 by'amaraso.
3) Myopia iri hejuru:Ubwoko bukomeye bwa myopia hamwe n'umuti watanzwe na muganga urengeje diopereta -6.00, akenshi bifitanye isano n'ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibibazo bikomeye by'amaso nko gucika kw'amaso, glaucoma, cyangwa kwangirika kw'amaso kwa myopic.
2. Impamvu zitera indwara ya Myopia
Myopia ni indwara iterwa n’imiterere y’uturemangingo, ibidukikije, n’imyitwarire mu mibereho y’umuntu. Ibintu by’ingenzi biyitera ni ibi bikurikira:
Ibintu bitera imiterere y'uturemangingo
Kuba umuntu yararwaye indwara ya myopia mu muryango we byongera cyane amahirwe yo kurwara iyi ndwara. Abana bafite umubyeyi umwe cyangwa bombi barwaye iyi ndwara bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira iyi ndwara yo kubura ubushobozi bwo kuyifata neza, ibi bikaba bigaragaza ko iyi ndwara ari yo nyirabayazana ukomeye w’indwara.
Ibintu bifitanye isano n'ibidukikije
1) Igihe kirekire cyo gukora hafi y'akazi:Gukomeza gukora ibikorwa bisaba kwibanda hafi, nko gusoma, kwandika, cyangwa gukoresha ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga igihe kirekire, bitera imbaraga nyinshi ku maso kandi byagaragaye ko ari byo bintu by’ingenzi bishobora gutera indwara ya myopia ku bidukikije.
2) Kudakwirakwira neza hanze:Igihe gito cyo kumara hanze, cyane cyane ahantu hari urumuri ruhagije, cyagaragaye cyane ko kijyana no kwiyongera kwa myopia, cyane cyane mu bana. Bivugwa ko urumuri rusanzwe rugira uruhare mu kurinda amaso gukura no gukumira kurengerwa cyane kw'amaso.
Ingeso z'imibereho
Ubuzima bwa none burangwa no kureba kure igihe kirekire, kugabanya imyitozo ngororamubiri, no kumara umwanya muto hanze ni ingenzi mu iterambere no mu iterambere rya myopia. Iyi myitwarire yongera imihangayiko yo kureba kandi igateza imbere imimerere mibi yo kubungabunga ubuzima bwiza bw'amaso.
3. Ibimenyetso bya Myopia
Ibimenyetso bya myopia muri rusange birimo:
1) Kubona nabi uri kure:Kugorwa no kubona ibintu neza mu ntera ya kure mu gihe hafi yo kubireba ntacyo bitwaye.
2) Gukubita amaso kenshi cyangwa gukurura amaso:Gukunda kwitegereza ibintu biri kure kugira ngo wongere kwibanda ku bintu biri kure, cyangwa kugira umunaniro w'amaso uterwa n'imirimo myinshi yo kureba.
3) Kubabara umutwe:Akenshi biterwa n'umuvuduko ujyana no kwibanda ku bintu biri kure igihe kirekire.
4) Kongera kwegerana kw'imirimo igaragara:Gukenera kwicara hafi ya televiziyo cyangwa gufata ibitabo byo gusoma ku ntera nto kugira ngo urebe neza.
Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, ni ngombwa gushaka isuzuma ryuzuye ry’amaso ku muganga w’amaso w’inzobere kugira ngo amenye neza kandi afate ingamba zikwiye zo gukosora.
4. Ingaruka za Myopia
Myopia ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho y'abantu, cyane cyane iyo idakosowe. Uretse ingorane zo kutabona neza, myopia nyinshi ishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima bw'amaso, harimo:
1) Gutandukanya impyiko n'inyuma:Retina ishobora kwikura inyuma y'ijisho, bigatuma umuntu atabona neza iyo idavuwe vuba.
2) Indwara ya Glaucoma:Umuvuduko mwinshi w'amaso mu maso afite umuvuduko mwinshi w'amaso byongera ibyago byo kwangirika kw'imitsi y'amaso.
3) Kugabanuka k'amagufwa y'umutima (Myopic Macular Degeneration):Kurambara igihe kirekire kwa retina bishobora gutera kwangirika kw'amagufwa no kutabona neza.
5. Gukumira no gucunga indwara ya Myopia
Nubwo imiterere y’umubiri ishobora gutera indwara ya myopia idashobora guhindurwa, ingamba zitandukanye zishingiye ku bimenyetso zishobora gufasha gukumira ko itangira cyangwa kugabanya iterambere ryayo. Ubu buryo bwibanda ku guhindura imibereho, guhindura ibidukikije, no kubitahura hakiri kare:
1) Ongera igihe umara hanze
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko kwitabwaho n'urumuri karemano bigira uruhare runini mu kurinda indwara ya myopia no kuyirinda. Gushishikariza abana kumara nibura amasaha abiri ku munsi hanze bishobora gufasha mu kugabanya imikurire y'amaso no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara myopia.
2) Koresha Umutegetsi wa 20-20-20
Kugira ngo ugabanye umunaniro w'amaso uterwa no kumara igihe kinini uri hafi y'akazi, shyira mu bikorwa itegeko rya 20-20-20: buri minota 20, fata ikiruhuko cy'amasegonda 20 kugira ngo wibande ku kintu kiri kure ya metero 3. Iyi myitozo yoroshye ifasha kuruhuka kw'amaso.imitsi kandi ikarinda kwakira imitsi myinshi.
3) Gabanyiriza igihe cyo kureba ecran
Gukoresha ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga cyane cyane ku bana, bifitanye isano rikomeye n'izamuka ry'indwara zo mu mutwe. Shishikariza abandi gukora ibindi bikorwa, nko gukina siporo yo hanze, kwishimisha, cyangwa gushakisha ibidukikije, kugira ngo ugabanye kwishingikiriza ku mirimo yo kwibanda hafi.
4) Kunoza imiterere y'urumuri
Menya neza ko imirimo yose yo kureba, harimo gusoma, kwandika, no gukoresha ecran, ikorerwa ahantu hafite urumuri rwinshi. Amatara akwiye agabanya umunaniro udasanzwe wo kureba kandi agatuma amaso agira ubuzima bwiza.
5) Teganya isuzuma ry'amaso rihoraho
Gusuzuma amaso buri gihe ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo hamenyekane hakiri kare kandi habeho uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya myopia ku gihe. Kwisuzumisha buri gihe ni ingenzi cyane cyane ku bana n'abantu bafite amateka yo kurwara myopia mu muryango, bigafasha gufata ingamba zikwiye zo gukosora no gukurikirana uko indwara igenda ikura.
6. Myopia mu gihe cy'ikoranabuhanga
Ukwiyongera kw'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byatworohereje ubuzima bwacu, ariko kandi byanagize uruhare mu kwiyongera kw'abarwayi ba myopia ku isi. Bizwi nka "digital eye strain" cyangwa "computer vision syndrome", gukoresha ecran igihe kirekire bishobora kongera ibimenyetso byo kutareba hafi.
Ingamba zo kugabanya ubukana bw'amaso hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga
Kugira ngo ugabanye ingaruka mbi zo gukoresha ecran igihe kirekire no kugabanya ibyago byo kwiyongera kwa myopia, ni byiza gukoresha ibi bikurikira:
1) Kongera Ubwiza bwa Ecran:Hindura urumuri rwa ecran za digitale kugira ngo ruhuze n'urumuri ruri mu cyumba. Ibi bigabanya urumuri kandi bikarinda amaso guhangayika bitewe no kunyuranya gukabije.
2) Komeza kureba intera ikwiye:Menya neza ko ecran zishyizwe ku ntera ikwiye, akenshi hafi y'uburebure bw'ukuboko, kugira ngo ugabanye ububabare bw'amaso. Byongeye kandi, ecran igomba gushyirwa munsi gato y'urugero rw'amaso kugira ngo itume umuntu abona neza.
3) Itoze Guhumbya Buri Gihe:Guhumbya amaso kenshi ni ingenzi kugira ngo amaso akomeze kuba maso kandi agabanye ubwumye buterwa no gukoresha ecran igihe kirekire. Gerageza guhumbya amaso ubyitondeye kandi buri gihe kugira ngo urusheho gukora neza amarira.
Mu gushyira izi ngamba zo kwirinda mu bikorwa bya buri munsi, abantu bashobora kugabanya cyane ingaruka zo gucika intege kw'amaso hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga no kurinda amaso yabo ingaruka zikomeye zo kureba ecran igihe kirekire.
7. Umwanzuro
Indwara ya Myopia ikomeje kwiyongera ku isi, ariko iyo umuntu afite ubumenyi bukwiye n'ingamba zo kuyifata, ishobora gukemurwa neza. Byaba binyuze mu guhindura imibereho, gukoresha indorerwamo zo kuvura indwara, cyangwa uburyo bugezweho bwo kuvura, kugumana icyerekezo cyiza birashoboka.
At ICYIZA CY'AMASO, turenze gutanga serivisi zo kwita ku maso gusa—turi abafatanyabikorwa bawe mu kwita ku maso. Twandikire uyu munsi kugira ngo umenye uburyo butandukanye bwo gukemura ibibazo by’amaso kandi utere intambwe ya mbere yo kureba neza wowe n’umuryango wawe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 18-2024